Soil compaction is the process in which stress is applied to a soil which causes densification as the voids are filled with solids. Here is the procedure on how to do the compaction test or insitu density test 1. It is normally undertaken to understand compaction properties of varied soils with alteration in moisture proportion. In fact, results greater than 100 percent compaction were becoming more common. Determine the maximum dry density and optimum water content for each case and draw line of optimums.
For more information, read our blog proctor compaction test. It is also recommended that sufficient moisture be added to minimize settlements. The purpose of the proctor test is to determine the maximum dry unit weight that a soil can achieve and the associated moisture content that goes along with it. I would like to ask a few questions in regard to modified proctor compaction test result. Oct 04, 2014 how to calculate a compaction test report quality assurance and quality control in construction december 27, 2014 is a continuation of the previous article i posted how to do a compaction test or insitu density test, about calculation of the test report. Interpetation of test results interpretation of test results standard compaction is frequently specified for laboratory testing in britain since many deposits have a natural moisture content at, or near to, the plastic limit. Compaction of soil process, necessity and theory of compaction. Standard compaction test astm d698 and aashto t99, as 1289e1.
The modified proctor test was developed and standardized by aasho to represent heavier compaction required for heavier transports. The standard proctor compaction test is used to determine the optimum water content during compaction which gives the greatest soil density. Proctor test compaction test introduction for earthwork construction it is important to compact soils to a dense state so that the soils will attain satisfactory engineering properties. Summary of concrete workability test methods research report icar 1051 sponsored by the aggregates foundation for technology, research and education. The line of optimum moisture contents is usually around 85% saturation and the optimum moisture content decreases with increasing compactive effort. Compaction of soil is the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type becomes most dense and achieve its maximum dry density by removal of air voids.
This test is adapted by bis and is known as heavy compaction test. Modified proctor testing is used to determine the optimum compaction and moisture when a modified compactive effort is applied. There are two proctor tests that defined by the american association of highway officials and american standard testing material. Example prepared samples at 14, 16, 18, and 20 percent. The proctor compaction test is a test that compacts the soil material at various moisture contents. Plot the two compaction curves on the same graph use spreadsheet. Compaction test of soil is carried out using proctors test to understand compaction characteristics of different soils with change in moisture content.
Standard proctor test covers the determination of the relationship between the moisture content and density of soils compacted in a mould of a given size with a 2. Comparisons between modified proctor, standard proctor, 15 blow proctor, and porter static compaction tests on samples of silt and clayey sand by the army corps of engineers in 1945. Compaction test proctor test civil engineering notes. Proctor soil compaction test procedures, tools and results. Test procedure is similar to that of standard proctor test. May 14, 2009 the proctor tests are done on a soil sample that is brought to the lab and compacted to determine the level of compaction that can be achieved on that soil. Modified proctor test is used to determine the compaction of different types of soil and the properties of soil with a change in moisture content and the relationship between dry density and moisture content.
Therefore, the modified proctor test, which imparts four and a half times more energy into the compactive effort than the standard proctor test, was developed. Proctor compaction test summary then, compact each sample into a steel mold with standard procedures proctor compaction test summary then, strike off excess soil so the mold has a known volume of soil. This compaction is a comparison of the laboratory compaction proctor to the field density and recorded as a percentage. The proctor tests are done on a soil sample that is brought to the lab and compacted to determine the level of compaction that can be achieved on that soil. Standard proctor test procedure apparatus calculation. Water acts as a lubricant between the soil grains however as its content increases the water may occupy the entire pores and since its relatively incompressible in comparison to the air it may.
Astm d1557 07 standard test methods for laboratory. The test made use of a hand rammer and a cylindrical mould with a volume of ft3, and became known as the standard proctor compaction test proctor, 1933. As a quality engineer, you should make sure that the area to be tested is compacted and within the area submitted in the inspection request. Compaction test of soil is also additionally called as proctors test. Compaction of soil process, necessity and theory of. Interpetation of test results official portal of ukm. As of now, we are able to fulfill orders but we will keep you posted as the situation evolves. Use of proctor compaction testing for deep fill construction using impact rollers conference paper pdf available october 2012 with 7,750 reads how we measure reads.
Mould has detachable collar and base plate assembly. The energy compactive effort supplied in this test is 595 kjm 3. In standard compaction test the soil is compacted into a mould in 3 5 equal layers, each layer receiving 25 blows of a hammer of standard weight. In modified proctor test, the mould used is the same as for the standard proctor test having volume. This is a continuation of the previous article i posted how to do a compaction test or insitu density test, about the calculation of the compaction test report. Mechanical soil compactors for standard and modified proctor compaction and preparation of california 216 samples. Modified proctor compaction test soil mechanics engineering.
I assume that 100lb or 110lbft3 are corresponding to the energy of the hammer. A soils optimum moisture content is usually lower when compacted to modified proctor versus standard proc. The standard proctor test is conducted within the laboratory and involves using a standardised amount of energy to compact the material into moulds. The test now known as the british standard light compaction test is very similar, although the equipment used differs in some details.
The technician can now place the metal tray as per the consultant or quality engineers preferred location. Objectives this laboratory test is performed to determine the relationship between the moisture content and the dry density of a soil for a specified compactive effort using standard proctor astm d698 standard rammer using 3 layers and 25 blows per layer. Laboratory compaction curves were developed for nine soils with clay contents ranging from 232 to 385 g kg 1 using the standard proctor test procedure and the proposed procedure, which uses a 54. It is also desirable to know the optimum soil conditions for compacting a given soil. Proctor showing that for a given compaction effort, the density of soil depends on the type of soil and moisture content. This plays a vital part in construction for soils are mainly used as supports for a lot of infrastructures.
Soil compaction testing otherwise known as density tests are performed in order to determine the soil compaction level. The result from a standard proctor compaction test astm d698 are given below. Modified proctor test an overview sciencedirect topics. The standard proctor test astm d698, aashto t99, and the modified. The test is named in honor of ralph roscoe proctor, who in 1933 showed that the dry density of a soil for a given compactive effort depends on the amount of water the soil contains during soil. The water content and wet density are tabulated below for a soil with gs 2.
Soil compaction test equipment proctor soil density. Lab report proctor testcompaction test introduction for. In other words, the density is a comparison of the weight of one cubic foot of material in the field. Guidance for soil construction standards and testing. Apparatus cylindrical metal mould shall be either of 100mm diameter and cm3 volume.
According to compaction theory, when samples of a soil are compacted at different water contents using the same compactive. These mechanical soil compactors feature automatic counting of hammer blows and shutoff upon reaching a preset number. Its process is almost same as standard proctor test with little differences which you will know here in details so, lets move on. We know that the conditions of site and that of the laboratory are different altogether. For the same type of soil, the modified proctor yields a higher maximum dry density and lower optimum moisture content.
Astm d698 12e2 standard test methods for laboratory. For assessment of the compaction properties of a soil sample by proctors test theory compaction refers to the procedure of densification of soil by plummeting air voids. What is the difference between standard proctor test and. The result from a standard proctor compaction test. The standard proctor approximates the compaction effort achieved by earlier generations of compaction equipment. The compactive effort is the amount of mechanical energy that is applied to the soil. A modified proctor test is conducted by placing soil in a standard mold and compacted with a standard ram. The modified effort test see is sometimes referred to as the modified proctor compaction test. Guidelines for earthwork construction control testing of. Standard proctor test or proctor compaction test was the original test devised by an american engineer ralph r.
Pdf use of proctor compaction testing for deep fill. The test allows for determination of a d value that is equivalent to percent compaction. Pot the corresponding compaction curve and determine the maximum dry unit weight of compaction and the optimum moisture content. Proctor, who in 1933 showed that the dry density of a soil for a given comp active effort depends on the amount of water the soil contains during soil compaction. An astm designation number identifies a unique version of an astm standard. The ability to compact a soil depends on the water content of the soil. This typically leads to variances between 8% and 11%, as shown above. The proctor compaction test is a laboratory method of experimentally determining the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type will become most dense.
Reclamation uses the rapid compaction test usbr 7240 5, astm d 5080 6 for routine control of silty or clayey soils. Objective to determine the required amount of water to be used when compacting the soil in the field and the resulting degree of denseness, which can be expected from compaction at optimum moisture content. In order to realize the relationship between the moisture content and the compactness of soils, the compaction test is used so called proctor test and its result is the compaction curve a relationship between the dry density and its relevant moisture content see a picture on the left. The rapid compaction test is a threepoint proctor compaction test that works on an adjusted wet density basis. The omc for modified proctor compaction test was about 72% of the omc obtained in case of standard proctor compaction test. Objective to obtain the graphical relationship of the dry density to moisture content in the form of compaction curve, for determining the values of optimum moisture content omc and maximum dry density mdd. Here we are going to compute the bulk density of sand down to the degree of compaction of soil i would really want to pursue this article just to completely show the full process of getting the results of the test from taking the. Jun 30, 2016 to be used in conjunction with aashto standard specifications 2009. Standard compaction test and modified compaction test. Hi, this is my first year doing engineering site characteristic. The proctor compaction test is a laboratory method of experimentally determining the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type will become most dense and achieve its maximum dry density. The proctor compaction test is a laboratory method of experimentally determining the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type. Standard and modified proctor compaction tests were conducted. The objective of the test is used to determine the compaction characteristics of a soil.
For soils susceptible to crushing during compaction take. Soil that needs to be compacted is placed in a standard mold and compacted fig. To be used in conjunction with aashto standard specifications 2009. From the average of various samples it was noticed that the strength obtained in light compaction was only about 39 % of the strength obtained using heavy compaction method. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Evaluation of laboratory compaction procedures for.
His original test is most commonly referred to as the standard proctor compaction test. The standard proctor test astm d698 employs 12,400 ftlbsft. Standard and modified proctor compaction tests wer. This test is generally used when compaction is applied on smaller areas eg. This test is generally used when compaction is applied on larger areas eg. We are closely monitoring the changing situation with the covid19 virus outbreak. Use range of moistures based on feel and experience. Compaction tests results vary with the input compactive effort, usually measured in foot pounds per cubic foot of soil. Apr, 2016 proctor compaction test for laboratory this test is used to determine the relationship between water content and dry unit weight of soils.
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